Buildings and Businesses 129 items

2 Exterior of West School ca. early 20th century 1 computer image : b&w.

Built in 1794 in Simonds Park, this building was moved to the present location at 106 Bedford St. and Francis Wyman Rd. sometime between 1830 and 1840. It appears that the building was relocated for the construction of the new town hall.

The building is significant as a rare, circa 1794, Federal Period, one-room schoolhouse. It was erected when Burlington was still the Second Parish of Woburn, and is significant as one of Burlington's first restored historic structures and as the birthplace of Burlington's historic preservation movement in the early 1960s. At the new location, the school was modernized sometime around 1840, with the addition of a taller, Greek Revival Style, front gabled roof. The West School--and all of the other one-room school houses in town--became functionally obsolete when the consolidated Union School was built adjacent to the Town Common in 1898. As a consequence, the West School stood vacant for a couple years.

In 1899, Otis Clark Haven (1864-1928) bought the structure and used it for a garage. To transform the former school house into a garage, the front (south) wall was rebuilt to contain two large, automobile door openings, each equipped with a pair of out-swinging wood doors. The remaining structure was used as a garage until it was acquired by Charles P. Cassassa (b. 1911) around 1963. Cassassa was a preservationist who recognized the importance of the old Havenville School, and he campaigned for the restoration. Once restored, Cassassa deeded the building back to the Town, with the understanding that it would always be operated as an historical site (John Goff, Historic Preservation survey form for 106 Bedford St.)

The old Havenville "shoddy shop" or "pancake shop" is shown on the right; this was a term used for shoestock manufacturers. The shop was operated by Charles N. Haven (1825-1912) in 1870; in 1877, the business went to William Edward Carter (1843-1902) and Samuel Sumner Shed (1826-1890), who ran the shop until 1900, employing about 20 people. The owner of record in 1900 was Jonas C. Haven (1830-1906); according to Fogelberg, the shop disappeared after this time (Fogelberg, p. 321).

3 Interior of Richardson Tavern kitchen 1923 1 photograph : b&w.

The Richardson Tavern stood on the corner of the Middlesex Turnpike and Adams St.. The tavern served as a stage stop on the Middlesex Turnpike, which opened in 1811; the stagecoach route ran from Boston to Arlington and Nashua, New Hampshire. The tavern was one of two Locke farms; the other was located on Stony Brook Road and later passed to John C. Cummings and later to William Graham (1845-1917).

The original tavern stood facing Lexington St. and opened for business in 1811, the year the Middlesex Turnpike opened. Since the Marion Tavern did not start operating as a stagecoach stop until ca. 1840, this makes the Richardson Tavern Burlington's oldest known stagecoach stop. Amos Hill came into possession of the property when he married Lucy Locke in 1807; during this period, the property became known as the Amos Hill Tavern.

Fogelberg notes that the first official mention of the property was in 1835. During this year, a petition was filed with the Board of Selectmen for permission to build a road "commencing at a point near the house that was Mr. Amos Hill's tavern and the Middlesex Turnpike."

William P. Gibbs ran the tavern for a short period, but the town foreclosed for nonpayment of taxes in 1837. In 1841, the property was transferred to Franklin Richardson and the property became known as the Richardson Tavern. Richardson sold the farm to piano manufacturer, William Cumston and his wife, Janet M. Cumston, whose mill was just down the turnpike at Woods Corner; the mill house was converted to a manufacturing plant and the area was known as Cumstonville; for more information on Wood's Corner, see Fogelberg's article in the Daily Times Chronicle, Burlington edition, "Wood's Corner" August 26, 1986 (JEF 372). Cumston sold the property to Fernald E. Ham (1835-1907) in 1870; by the turn of the century, it was one of Burlington's finest farms. FEH and Rev. Charles H. Washburn are credited as the primary organizers of the Burlington Agricultural Society.

FH left the farm to his son, George E. Ham, who sold it in 1910 to Warren Dunaway. In 1923, Jacob or Isaac "Ike" Bernstein (b. ca. 1884) bought the property and turned the farmhouse into a restaurant and nightclub. The property did an excellent business and was known as Bernstein's or as the Red Dog Inn. JIB was born in Allerta, Russia and was about 39 when he bought the property with his wife, Josephine N. Bernstein; JIB was the son of Russian parents, Louis or Abraham Bernstein and Rose or Sarah Cohen. JIB married Ethel Friedman (b. ca. 1911) from New York, New York in Burlington, Mass. in 1932. In addition to being an innkeeper, the Bernsteins supplemented their income with the Burlington Riding School; the riders would have lunch at the inn after their morning exercise.

January 18, 1938 the property was completely destroyed by fire. According to the Jan. 22, 1938 newspaper account "the blaze, the cause of which is unknown, broke out in one of the upper rooms in the ell of the house. When the local firemen arrived on the scene, it looked for a time as though they would soon have the fire under control, but the chemicals were exhausted before the men could cut through the ice at a nearby pond and get a stream of water on the blaze. The zero weather complicated matters, for when water was available it was found that the pump was frozen and there was no way in which to force the water through the 2500 feet of hose which stretched from Wood's corner to the burning building." Lexington was called in to help, but it was too late and they were also hampered by the cold weather. The article also noted that the Red Dog Inn, did a "flourishing business while Burlington was 'wet' and it was during this period that the ell was added and other improvements made to the place. After the town went 'dry' the place was operated as an inn and restaurant and the name was changed to Ye Old Turnpike Inn."

The building was partially covered by insurance and was rebuilt; the reconstruction costs were estimated to be $8000. On April 17, 1939, however, another tragedy stuck: fire broke out in the attic of the building and the Burlington Fire Department--a call department at the time--responded. A line was laid across the turnpike to Reed's pond. Woburn arrived with its new pumper truck, and Lexington also responded, drawing water from another area of the pond.

The fire worked its way down to the first floor of the 2-1/2 story building. A few firemen and volunteers risked the fire to retrieve some of the furniture and furnishings, but otherwise it was a complete loss, as the building had not yet been insured.

The inn became a lively spot north of Boston, with floor shows and private parties. The late 20th century history of the property must be researched, but it appears that the restaurant and inn was still operating in the early 1950s, when JIB married Tena Shutzman (b. ca. 1898) from Boston, as JIB listed his occupation as innkeeper at Adams St. and Middlesex Turnpike. As of May 2000, the latter building is located at 1 Garfield Circle, near the intersection of Adams St. and the Middlesex Turnpike.

Photograph by Burr A. Church (Newton Centre, Mass.) (Fogelberg, p. 208, p. 124ee, 1938 Building Department applications, Fogelberg's Dec. 27, 1989 Daily Times "Red Dog Inn," and Burlington vital records; vital records note Isaac Bernstein, while tax records and Building Dept. permits note Jacob Bernstein. Based on other information e.g., voting records and tax records, it is believed that Jacob and Isaac Bernstein are the same person. For Fogelberg information on Prohibition, see p. 354).

4 Interior of upstairs common rooms of Richardson Tavern 1923 1 photograph : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Historic houses and farms: item 3. Photograph by Burr A. Church (Newton Centre, Mass.)

5 Exterior of Center School ca. 1960s 1 computer image : b&w.

This is a front-gabled, 1-1/2 story, transitional Greek Revival and Italianate Style, wood-framed, 19th century rural school house. This school was built in 1855; before it was built, Burlington had a number of smaller, one-room, 1790s schools houses, of which the West School is the best surviving example. The Center School represents the enlargement and refinement of the earlier, one-room school concept, before the concept was abandoned in favor of a single, consolidated school i.e., the Union School at 45 Center St. When the Union School was completed in 1898, all of the one-room schools around town became obsolete. Through the efforts and substantial financial backing of E. S. Barker, the Center School found a second life as the town's first library in 1897; the building served as a library until about 1967. The building was vacant for a short while and then became the nine-year home of the Burlington Police Dept. This literally came to the end with a bang, in retaliation for local police crackdowns on juveniles, some youths took matters into their own hands and threw an explosive into the building on August 25, 1970.

The building was renovated, and Donald Gorvette and Jeffrey Weaver painted the images inside the foyer. The building now houses the Burlington Historical Museum, which was dedicated on April 19, 1975 (John Goff's Historic Resources survey form for 13 Bedford St. and 1975 annual report.)

6 Students on the porch of the Center School ca. 1880 1 photograph : b&w.

See description for Center School exterior. The photograph was taken when the building still had two doorways. Notes on verso: Nellie Bennet, left of Frank 4th left. Frank C. back row. Pa middle row, 2nd from left.

7 General store with Mr. Shaw and the barge in front ca. early 20th century 1 photograph : b&w.

The barge was used to transport children to school. It is assumed that this photograph is of mail carrier George F. Shaw.

Silas Cutler's general store stood next to the Wood Tavern (later the Caldwell house) and was originally located where the town hall annex is now located; the town pump was located across the road. The building had a house on the left; a long, low store in the center; and a huge barn to the right. Double doors opened from a porch, which ran the length of the store front. In order to make way for the second town hall in 1915, the house, barn, and store were moved several hundred yards to the east, the location of the current town hall.

After Silas Cutler married Susan Walker Gleason in 1832, SC bought her father's store and operated it until at least 1879. The store was owned, operated or associated with by George Gleason, Silas Cutler, William E. Carter, George Getchell, George Tebbetts, Matthew Stevenson, Orrin Sanderson, William Fuller, Charles Dodge, and Mrs. Charles Dodge. The store was run by Matthew Stevenson at the turn of the century, but the store was still known as Cutler's. Mrs. Charles Dodge and her daughter operated the store in a limited way until ca. 1940. The barn and store were demolished, but the house acted as additional space for the town hall offices. The house was demolished to make room for the current town hall, which was completed in 1968.

SC was appointed postmaster in 1832; prior to that mail was routed through the Woburn post office. The post office remained in the store until the post office relocated to the town hall in 1879, where it remained until 1898. Cutler resigned from his post in 1881 and was followed by George F. Shaw (d. 1911); GFS was the town's first rural free delivery postman. Rural free delivery was not authorized until 1896 and the Burlington post office was abolished in 1898. By 1900, Burlington became one of the first routes out of Woburn, Mass. Following GFS' death, Arthur Nichols (1883-1953) became the local carrier. AN retired in 1943 and was followed by Bernard Ferrin and Albert Walsh in 1948. The town did not regain a post office until 1955, when Ted Murray built a building for the U.S. Postal Service to lease. This building later became Givens Flower Shop. The current post office occupies the location of Ralph Nazzaro's house; this was once the location of the Chapman's house and was the location of the Rogan barn, prior to the destruction of the barn's destruction by fire.

SC was appointed the town's first librarian in 1856. The library remained at the store until the three room addition was made to the first town hall in 1879 (John Goff's Historic Resources Survey form for 128 Winn St.; genealogy resource file accessed May 2000; Fogelberg, pp. 193, 349, 385, 124Q, 219-220, 323, 380; and Fogelberg, Woburn Daily Times, Burlington edition, March 18, 1980, June 21, 1983, March 26, 1985, and June 11, 1985)

This appears to be a later image of the vehicle identified as the barge in Transportation: item 418.

8 Class on the steps of the Union School 1914 1 postcard : b&w and 1 photograph : b&w.

Note on verso of item 8b reads: The entire Burlington school population in 1914 on steps the Union School. On the message part of the postcard: Do you recognize any of these? GWF. Addressed to: Mrs. Ora A Swett, Newport, Vt.

Built in 1897, the Union School--as the name suggests--was a major innovation in consolidated school teaching methods when it was conceived in the late 19th century. The building originally contained two rooms upstairs and two rooms downstairs.

Prior to the building of the single "united" or joined school near the center of town, Burlington maintained scattered, one-room schools in five different areas of town (North, South, East, West, and Center), following a system that had been established in the 1790s. Many residents fought the proposal to replace the old schools with one new structure, but eventually the modernization effort took root. Beginning in 1897, Burlington elementary school students could all look to one building as their community school house. The consolidation brought better control, uniformity, and educational standards to the town. In 1923, an addition doubled the size of the Union School.

After the Union School was built, all the one-room schools became functionally obsolete. Some of the school houses (e.g., the West School and the Center School or Burlington Historical Museum) eventually found reuse as public buildings. Most of Burlington's other one-room schools--North, South, and East Schools--were purchased by private parties; the North School (10 Wilmington Rd.) survives as a private home.

In 1972, the school was closed and from 1976-1986, the building served as the home for the Council on Aging. The building was also used by Burlington agencies for storage, and for many years the basement was the home of the Listening Place coffee shop.

In 1980, there was talk of demolishing the building: the Board of Selectmen favored demolition, citing high upkeep cossts. A group of concerned citizens formed the Save the Union School committee and lobbied to find other uses for the building. The site was rezoned from residential to limited business and Old Colony/Bank of Boston leased the building from the town for several years. In 1992, the building became the home of the Burlington Police Department.

For more information, see John Goff's historic resources survey form for 45 Center St.

9 Class inside the Union School ca. early 20th century 1 photograph : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 9.

The blackboard in Miss Thompson's class reads: Whichever way the wind doth blow Some heart is glad to find it so. Then blow it east or blow it west, The wind that blows--that wind is best.

10 Class on the steps of the Union School ca. early 20th century 1 photograph : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 8.

11 7th, 8th, and 9th grade classes on the steps of the Union School 1914 2 photographs : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 8. Photograph by A. L. Weston (Woburn, Mass.)

12 Class inside the Union School ca. early 20th century 1 photograph : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 8.

13 Class on the steps of the Union School ca. early 20th century 1 photograph : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 8.

14 Class on the steps of the Union School 1914 2 photographs : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 8.

Notes on verso: 1. Richard Patterson; 2. Mildred Larne; Francis; 3. Howard Goodwin; 4. Olga Peterson; 5. Harry Peterson; 6. Alice Perkins; 7. Esther Moglia; 8. Catherine Breen; 9. Gladys Bustead; 10. Esther Knowles; 11. Vida Johnson; 12. Mable Keating; 13. Harry McKenzie; 14. George or Walter Hicks; 15. Stanley Nichols; 16. Lucian LaRue; 17. Gordon Turnbull; 18. Mabel LaRue; 19. Fredie Jackson; 20. Marjori McGann; 21. Marjori Miller; 22. Evelyn Foster.

15 High Voltage Engineering heavy ion tandem Van de Graaff accelerator test facility ca. 1970s 1 photograph : b&w.

High Voltage Engineering was started in a Cambridge, Mass. parking garage by two M.I.T. physicists, Robert Van de Graff and John Trump; they were later joined by an M.I.T.-trained engineer, Dennis Robinson. High Voltage purchased forty acres along Rt. 128 in 1953; the High Voltage plant was constructed in Burlington in 1955, where the test facility accelerated heavy ions for nuclear physics research. Van de Graff built his first accelerator at M.I.T. in the 1930s; the Emperor, a tandem particle accelerator capable of generating twenty-five million volts, was built in Burlington in the 1960s (Fogelberg, pp. 327, 330).

16 Town hall fire 1902 2 photographs : b&w.

Burlington's first town hall was built directly across from the old burial ground or first cemetery, in what is now Simonds Park. Built in 1844, the building stood near the current location of the baseball field.

Prior to the construction of the first town hall (also known as the town house), town meetings were held at the Congregational meeting house (12 Lexington St.) In 1837, town meeting met at the Center School, which is today the Burlington Historical Museum (13 Bedford St., the corner of Cambridge St.) After 1837, town meetings were held at either the meeting house or Center School.

The construction of the first town house was authorized at the Dec. 18, 1843 town meeting. It appears that the movement to build a town hall was a reaction against the November 1843 town meeting article and vote:

"Article 1 To see if the parish will vote that the meeting house shall not be opened and used for any other denomination for public services contrary to the wish and vote of the majority of the church. Voted that the meeting house shall not be opened and used by any other denomination for public services contrary to the wish and vote of a majority of the church."

Town meeting held their first meeting at the first town hall in November 1844.

The town hall was enlarged and repaired in 1879; at this time the supper room and rooms underneath were added, and the Board of Selectmen's room at the opposite end was made into a gallery. The town library, established in 1858, was then moved to the town hall.

The first town hall was destroyed by fire on May 30, 1902. This photograph was reportedly taken the morning after the fire.

17 Exterior of the second town hall ca. 1940s 2 photographs : b&w.

Built in 1915, the second town hall stood at the current location of the town hall annex. Designed by architect Robert Coit, the second town hall was a two-story, stucco building. The auditorium occupied the entire second floor, with a stage on one end and a gallery on the other end. The building had an office for the Board of Selectmen and a vault for record storage. The building became the social, as well as the political, center of the town and town meetings were held there from 1915-1939. After 1939, town meetings were held at the first high school, which is now the Human Services Building (61 Center St.) After than town meetings were held at the: Memorial School, 1954-1961; second high school, 1962-1972 (now Marshall Simonds Middle School); and from 1973 to the present, the third high school.

Silas Cutler's general store and house stood on the site of the second town hall, next to the Wood Tavern (later the Caldwell house and the current site of the Burlington Fire Department). For more information on Silas Cutler and his store, see Buildings: item 149.

The second town hall was demolished in 1969. When the town hall and police station building committees were appointed in 1967, the second town hall had reached capacity: the Burlington Police Department had taken over the Board of Selectmen's office, the Welfare Department, kitchen, and most of the lower level of town hall. The upper hall of the building held the offices of the Board of Assessors, Tax Collector, Town Clerk, Welfare Department, and the Burlington Water District. The Treasurer's office was in the northwest corner of the lower hall. During the construction of the police station, the Police Department was temporarily located in the Center School (currently the Burlington Historical Museum). The Burlington Police Department moved to the new police station in November 1970. The old police station is the now the site of the town hall annex, which houses the town's land use departments: Building, Conservation, Engineering, Planning, and Public Works (annual reports and Fogelberg, pp. 349, 385).

18 Exterior of the third town hall ca. 1968 1 computer image : b&w.

The third town hall was built in 1968 and was remodeled between 1998-1999. Town meeting approved the renovation funding at the September 1997 town meeting. For more information on the first town hall, see Buildings: item 16. For more information on the second town hall, see Buildings: item 17.

19 Exterior of St. Malachy's Catholic Church ca. 1970s 1 photograph : b&w.

Built in 1964 and designed by architects Louis A. Scibelli and Daniel F. Tully. As of May 2000, located at 99 Bedford St.

21 Exterior of Middlesex Bank 1975 1 photograph : b&w.

As of 1976, this twelve-story building was Burlington's only high-rise building. As part of its surburban expansion, Middlesex Bank opened the Burlington office in 1958. February 1976 the company became BayBank Middlesex and in 1979, BayBank Middlesex and BayBank Newton-Waltham merged to make become BayBank Middlesex. Burlington became the headquarters for BayBank Middlesex (John Edward Fogelberg, "About Local Banks," Woburn Daily Times, Burlington edition, February 12, 1991).

22 Northeastern University suburban campus ca. 1970s 1 computer image : b&w.

[Catalog record in progress].

24 Exterior of first high school ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

Located at 61 Center St., this building was built in 1939; the architect was J. Williams Beal and Sons.

The building was built in response to the population growth during the 1930s. Due to the Great Depression, many families abandoned homes in Boston and the greater Boston area, in order to live more economically in the country. Lexington and Woburn stopped accepting Burlington students in the 1930s; as a result, the new high school was built with Works Progress Adminstration (WPA) funds in 1938-1939. The building is a medley of three architectural styles, International, Art Moderne, and Art Deco (John Goff's Historic Preservation survey form for 61 Center St.)

26 Exterior of third high school ca. 1970s 1 computer image : b&w.

Located at 123 Cambridge St., this building opened March 27, 1973.

27 Exterior of first town hall, left facing view ca. 1890s 2 photographs : b&w.

For more information, see Buildings: items 16-18.

28 Exterior of first town hall, right facing view ca. 1890s 2 photographs : b&w.

For more information, see Buildings: items 16-18.

29 Class on the steps of the Union School ca. early 20th century 1 photograph : b&w and 1 postcard : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 8.

47 Exterior of William Edward Carter heel shop ca. 1900 2 photographs : b&w (1 oversize).

Original photograph by C. H. Taylor (Woburn, Mass.). Original (oversize) image is labeled with George Chambers, Charlie Foster, and Emma Foster.

WEC was born November 6, 1843 in Burlington, Mass.; he was the son of Jefferson Carter (b. 1804 in Burlington, Mass.) and Maria (Wilson) Carter of Charlestown, Mass. WEC married Nellie Welsh on March 3, 1889 in Woburn, Mass. They had at least two children, Hattie I. Carter (b. 1890) and William Carter (b. 1894). WEC died February 14, 1902 at his home on Arlington [Cambridge] St. in Burlington, Mass. (genealogy file accessed May 2000).

WEC ran a heel shop or shoe stock factory on Cambridge St., near the intersection of Bedford St.; the shop stood where Mrs. MacInnis' red brick house stands at 137 Cambridge St. George Tebbetts was a partner in the shop after he returned from the Civil War. In 1902, Charles McIntire, owner of the old Marion farm, bought the Carter property, increasing his holdings by 62 acres. The building stood between the horse barn (White Construction Company as of 1976, now 135 Cambridge Street) and Samuel Sumner Shed's (1826-1890) house. Shed's house is now the site of the Charles Tobin Boston (1868-1954) bungalow (135 Cambridge St.), built ca. 1920 and later owned by Fred Colvin. As of 1951, the Carter heel shop was no longer standing (Dunham, p. 98 and Fogelberg, pp. 198, 320-321).

William Carter's heel shop employees were from Burlington and Woburn; Woburn girls boarded with Catherine (McLaughlin) Rogan, the wife of Peter Rogan.

The factory appears to have operated between 1880 and 1904. Fogelberg notes that the shoddy shop or pancake shop operated by Charles N. Haven (1825-1912) in 1870 went to William Carter and Sumner Shed, who ran the shop until 1900; the factory employed about 20 people. The owner of record in 1900 is Jonas C. Haven (1830-1906), at which point Fogelberg notes that the shop disappears (Fogelberg, p. 321). The 1880 federal census notes that William E. Carter boarded with the Peter and Catherine (McLaughlin) Rogan and that he worked at a shoe stock factory. Sanborn maps show the shoe factory on the Aug. 1899 and May 1904 map; the June 1910 and May 1918 map show a vacant and out of repair factory.

Scrap leather trimmings were acquired from Woburn tanneries and were soaked in a large boiler until soft and pliable. The leather pieces were cut with a die struck by a big wooden mallet. The workers then cemented together the die-cut pieces using a paste made from flour and water. The pieces were put in the drying room, which was directly over the boiler and, when dry, the units were rolled to the desired thickness and cut in two, making two heels. The finished product was sent to a shoe shop in Brockton, Mass. (Fogelberg, p. 321).

WEC's home was located at the corner of Sears St. and Center St., where the Colonial Building is now located; the Colonial Building is the former location of the law firm, Shea and Murray. The town pound (where animals were placed after being herded by the field driver; see MGL chapter 49, section 26-31) was located at the corner of Bedford and Center St., opposite of William Pollock's house; WEC served as poundkeeper in 1893 and 1896. The house was built by Albert Wood prior to 1851 and was used as the parsonage for Rev. Harrison Parks. After WEC's death in 1902, his widow sold the house to Miss Addie May Blodgett (1883-1931); after AMB's death, the house became the property of heirs, Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Locke. After the Locke's death, the house was bought by Frank Mason. WEC was a direct descendent of Rev. Thomas Carter of Woburn, Mass. For information on the Blodgett house, see Historic homes and farms: item 175 (Fogelberg, Woburn Daily Times Chronicle article, June 11, 1985 and Cavanagh/Zahora History of Burlington: 1640-1950. Burlington, Mass.: Burlington Historical Commission, 1998).

48 Exterior of William Edward Carter horse barn ca. 1900 2 photographs : b&w (1 oversize).

Photograph by C. H. Taylor (Woburn, Mass.) Image shows the Center School (now the Burlington Historical Museum) and the Samuel Sumner "Sumner" Shedd (1826-1890) house in the background; SSS was the grandson of the Samuel Shedd (1768-1861) who built the house at 4 Francis Wyman Rd.

WEC was born November 6, 1843 in Burlington, Mass.; he was the son of Jefferson Carter (b. 1804 in Burlington, Mass.) and Maria (Wilson) Carter of Charlestown, Mass. WEC married Nellie Welsh on March 3, 1889 in Woburn, Mass. They had at least two children, Hattie I. Carter (b. 1890) and William Carter (b. 1894). WEC died February 14, 1902 at his home on Arlington St. in Burlington, Mass. (genealogy file accessed May 2000).

WEC ran a heel shop or shoe stock factory on Cambridge St., near the intersection of Bedford St.; the shop stood where Mrs. MacInnis' red brick house stands at 137 Cambridge St. George Tebbetts was a partner in the shop after he returned from the Civil War. In 1902, Charles McIntire, owner of the old Marion farm, bought the Carter property, increasing his holdings by 62 acres. As of 1976, the horse barn housed the White Construction Company (now 135 Cambridge Street); Sumner Shed's house stood next store. Shed's house now the site of the Charles Tobin Boston (1868-1954) bungalow (135 Cambridge St.), built ca. 1920 and later owned by Fred Colvin. As of 1951, the Carter heel shop was no longer standing (Dunham, p. 98 and Fogelberg, pp. 198, 320-321).

William Carter's heel shop employees were from Burlington and Woburn; Woburn girls boarded with Catherine (McLaughlin) Rogan, the wife of Peter Rogan.

The factory appears to have operated between 1880 and 1904. Fogelberg notes that the shoddy shop or pancake shop operated by Charles N. Haven (1825-1912) in 1870 went to William Carter and Sumner Shed, who ran the shop until 1900; the factory employed about 20 people. The owner of record in 1900 is Jonas C. Haven (1830-1906), at which point Fogelberg notes that the shop disappears (p. 321). The 1880 federal census notes that William E. Carter boarded with the Peter and Catherine (McLaughlin) Rogan and that he worked at a shoe stock factory. Sanborn maps show the shoe factory on the Aug. 1899 and May 1904 map; the June 1910 and May 1918 map show a vacant and out of repair factory.

WEC's home was located at the corner of Sears St. and Center St., where the Colonial Building is now located; the Colonial Building is the former location of the law firm, Shea and Murray. The town pound (where animals were placed after being herded by the field driver; see MGL chapter 49, section 26-31) was located at the corner of Bedford and Center St., opposite of William Pollock's house; WEC served as poundkeeper in 1893 and 1896. The house was built by Albert Wood prior to 1851 and was used as the parsonage for Rev. Harrison Parks. After WEC's death in 1902, his widow sold the house to Miss Addie May Blodgett (1882-1931); after AMB's death, the house became the property of heirs, Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Locke. After the Locke's death, the house was bought by Frank Mason. WEC was a direct descendent of Rev. Thomas Carter of Woburn, Mass. For more information on the Blodgett house, see Historic homes and farms: item 175 (Fogelberg, Woburn Daily Times Chronicle article, June 11, 1985 and Cavanagh/Zahora History of Burlington: 1640-1950. Burlington, Mass.: Burlington Historical Commission, 1998).

63 Exterior of Richard J. Alley blacksmith shop ca. 1890s 2 photographs : b&w.

The blacksmith shop was located at the corner of Bedford St. and Center St., opposite the Union School. Prior to Richard J. Alley's blacksmith shop, Solomon Trull was the local smithy; ST's house was between the Marion Tavern and the Union School. It appears RJA operated the blacksmith shop between 1842-1890s; Fogelberg notes that in 1842 Abner Marion bought land from Charles Harlow that included a blacksmith shop; the mortgage note lists the property "except the blacksmith shop," which was to be taken away (Fogelberg, pp. 196-197).

Federal census records list Richard J. Alley ca. 1850-1890s and Beers 1875 map of Burlington shows the blacksmith shop located on the common. Alley died in 1890 and the blacksmith shop passed to Henry P. Cox. Shortly after 1899, the property passed to a Mr. Dockdorf, who built the William Pollock house, which was moved when the Marshall Simonds Trustees bought the property in 1953. The Pollock house was moved to Bedford St. and as of May 2000 is still standing (Fogelberg, p. 319). [Catalog record in progress].

95 Exterior of the Memorial School 1955 1 photograph : b&w.

The building committee was appointed in March 1952 and consisted of Mabel Keating, Elmer Morrison, Charles L. McGinnis, Gerald Seminatore, Albert E. Wilde, Alfred C. Blouin, and Kenneth F. MacIver. January 1953, a Special Town Meeting voted the funds ($675,000) for the new school.

The Memorial School was built on the Fred Freeland Walker farm property on the south side of Winn St.; ground was broken April 1954. The building opened September 1954 and was named in honor of the Burlington residents who gave their lives in World War I, World War II, and the Korean War. When it opened, school enrollment was 650, 50 more than the ideal capacity. At the end of December, enrollment rose to 715 students.

On Memorial Day, May 30, 1955 a bronze plaque selected by the Board of Selectmen and the Builing Allied Veterans Council was dedicated; the building was rededicated in 1995 (Memorial School: Celebrating 40 years, 1955-1995. Redication ceremony, May 21, 1995).

96 Exterior of Memorial School 1995 1 photograph : b&w.

142 Exterior of the Thomas I. Reed house and Reed Ham Works ca. early 20th century 3 photographs : b&w.

The Reed Ham Works was Burlington's biggest industry at the turn of the century. The barn is still standing at 328 Cambridge St. and the Thomas I. Reed house is still standing at 326 Cambridge St.; see Buildings: item 375 and John Goff's Historic Resources survey form for 326 and 328 Cambridge St. for more details.

149 Exterior of Silas Cutler's house at new location ca. 1950s 2 photographs : b&w.

SC was the son of Nathaniel Cutler (1777-1843) and Phebe Carter (1783-1869) and the brother of Otis Cutler (1809-1874), Woburn Second Parish deacon and town auditor, constable, and tax collector. SC married Susan Walker Gleason (1807-1865) of Billerica, Mass. in 1832.

SC was appointed the town's first librarian in 1856. The library remained at the store until the three room addition was made to the first town hall in 1879.

As of May 2000, the Deacon Otis Cutler's house is still standing at 128 Winn St. (John Goff's Historic Resources Survey form for 128 Winn St.; genealogy resource file accessed May 2000; Fogelberg, pp. 193, 349, 385, 124Q, 219-220, 323, 380; and Fogelberg, Woburn Daily Times, Burlington edition, March 18, 1980, June 21, 1983, March 26, 1985, and June 11, 1985)

153 Exterior of Burlington Public Library ca. early 1960s 2 photographs : b&w.

The town library was established in 1858; prior to that, the library was located in the Wood Tavern, Richard J. Alley's house, Silas Cutler's (later Charles Dodge's) store and George Bennett's store. When the Union School was completed in 1898, all of the one-room schools around town became obsolete. Through the efforts and substantial financial backing of E. S. Barker, the Center School found a second life as the town's first library in 1897; the building served as a library until the new building was built at 22 Sears St. in 1968. The second story and renovations were completed in 1994. For information on the construction of the contemporary library building, see John Edward Fogelberg's "Hassle over a building permit," Woburn Daily Times Chronicle, Burlington edition, June 2, 1992.

156 Exterior of the Richardson Tavern ca. late 19th century 1 photograph : b&w and 1 glass plate negative : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Historic houses and farms: item 3. This is the only known image of the exterior prior to the 1938 fire.

177 Exterior of Union School ca. 1970s 1 photograph : color.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 8.

178 Exterior of Union School ca. 1970s 1 photograph : color.

Photograph by School Color Studios (Boston, MA), LI 2-3068. For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 8.

185 Cupola of Center School ca. 1980s 1 photograph : b&w.

The weathervane on the cupola of the Center School is attributed to local blacksmith, Richard Alley, ca. 1855 (per Fogelberg's notes on verso). [Catalog record in progress.]

186 Interior of the second Town Hall auditorium ca. 1920s 2 photographs : b&w.

For more information, see Buildings: items 16-18.

Town meetings were held:

1799-1843 -- Primarily in the meeting house. Meetings were occasionally held in the schoolhouse

1844-1914 -- First town hall, church, or schoolhouse

1915-1939 -- Second town hall

1940-1953 -- First high school

1954-1961 -- Memorial School

1962-1972 -- Second high school

1973-pres.-- Third high school

187 Exterior of Winn Street Superette ca. 1974 1 photograph : b&w.

Joseph Carbone (1901-1978) operated Carbone's Store from 1932-1969 at this location; as of 1974, this was the site of the Winn Street Superette [Catalog record in progress.]

189 Thomas I. Reed Ham Works and farmhouse ca. 1915 1 photograph : b&w.

Photograph shows the windmill and streetcar tracks.

190 Exterior of Philco Corporation ca. 1950s 1 printed photograph.

[Catalog record in progress.]

191 Exterior of Colonial Building ca. 1950s 1 printed sketch.

Charles L. Shea graduated from Boston College in 1951 and from Boston College Law School in 1958; he passed the Massachusetts bar in 1958. CLS opened a law office in the Colonial Building, the firm of Shea and Murray, at the corner of Sears St. and Center St. This was the previous location of the home built by Arthur Wood; this home was previously owned by the Shea family. The pseudo-Colonial architecture has influenced the architecture of the Common area (Fogelberg, p. 381).

193 Artistist's rendering of exterior of Burlington Bank and Trust ca. 1950s 1 printed sketch and 1 photograph : b&w.

Photograph by Korday Studio (Framingham, Mass.) The building was designed by John Carr Associates (Natick, Mass.) [Catalog record in progress.]

194 Exterior of Center School ca. 1900 1 photograph : b&w.

[Catalog record in progress.]

195 Exterior of second town hall ca. 1919 1 printed photograph : b&w.

For more information, see Buildings: items 16-18.

196 Exterior of Meadowbrook School ca. 1980s 1 photograph : b&w.

[Catalog record in progress.]

197 Exterior of Church of Christ Congregational UCC ca. 1970s 1 photograph : b&w.

Built in 1732 on property donated by Sergeant Benjamin Johnson (1666-1733), the Woburn Second Parish meeting house is architecturally significant as Burlington's earliest religious and municipal landmark. James Baldwin (1710-1791), a carpenter of "good repute" according to William Cutter's Historic Homes and Places, was reported to be the "master workman in the erection of the Woburn precinct (or Burlington) meeting-house in 1732." Baldwin inherited a sawmill from his father, Henry (1664-1739), which appears to be the sawmill on the Burlington-Wilmington line, commonly known as Clapp's mill. James Baldwin was the father of Col. Loammi Baldwin (1745-1807), the designer and first superintendent of the Middlesex Canal.

The building is one of the few 18th century Colonial meeting houses surviving in eastern Massachusetts, and is Burlington's best surviving example of an 1840s, Greek Revival Colonial landmark. The building is the most visible work of Burlington's skilled, 19th century housewright and Greek Revival Style designer, William Lawrence (1799-1872). For more information on William Lawrence, see John Goff's historic resources survey form for 3 Winona Rd.

Built in an area once known as Forest Field, the meeting house served as a setting for community, religious, political, and military gatherings during the early Colonial period. Rev. John Hancock of Lexington, John Hancock's father, was one of the ministers who spoke at the dedication of the meeting house in 1732. By 1775, the Woburn Second Parish meeting house was a key meeting place for gatherings of patriots and for monitoring British activities. Burlington's Captain Joshua Walker (1728-1798) is said to have used the meeting house to assemble the Second Parish minutemen on April 19, 1775. On that day, Walker and the minutemen marched down Lexington Rd. to Lexington and Concord, where they fought the British in the American Revolution's first armed conflict. See John Goff's survey form for 9 Bedford St. for more information.

The building played a very important role in revolutionary activities. Not only did local minutemen gather here, but the building was used for community meetings and military gatherings, as well as religious services. The American Revolution for many 18th century Massachusetts ministers was interpreted as a spiritual event and cause, and it was through the ministers' connections that Burlington achieved its major claim to fame during the American Revolution. After hiding at the Hancock-Clarke house in Lexington, John Hancock, Samuel Adams, and Dorothy Quincy were moved to the parsonage, which is commonly known as the Rev. Samuel Sewall house; the Sewall house was owned by Rev. John Marrett from 1774-1813.

By the 1840s, Burlington citizens worked to project a new image of Burlington as a forward-looking, independent own. Two early, important landmarks completed in the fashionable new Greek Revival Style included the Marion Tavern (59 Center St.) and the first town hall (formerly located on Bedford Street, in the current location of Simonds Park). Burlington's leading Greek Revival Style housewright, William Lawrence, was engaged in 1846 to reinterpret the 1732 meeting house in the Greek Revival Style. In 1846, the east end of the building was lengthened twelve feet, a portico was added, and a steeple and a bell were installed.

In 1888, the church was remodeled again and Lawrence's 1840s dramatic steeple, colossal columns, and east-end portico were all removed. A sympathetic Colonial Revival Style south ell, with relocated steeple and entry, were added. The 1888 changes relocated the principal entry to the south side--where it originally was located in the 18th century-and simplified the appearance of the oldest part of the building to more accurately reflect its early, Colonial origins. The 1880s changes were significant for being among the earliest Colonial Revival Style architectural expressions in Burlington. The Colonial Revival movement, which supported and advocated these changes, was directly responsible for ushering in Burlington's first public awareness of itself as an historically-significant New England community. The building continues to serve as the church building for Burlington Church of Christ Congregational UCC.

For more information, see John Goff's historic resources survey form for 12 Lexington St. As of 2000, the meeting house and the Francis Wyman house (56 Francis Wyman Rd.) are the only Burlington buildings that is on the National Register of Historic Places, although there are numerous properties that are eligible (Welcome to Historic Houses of Burlington, excerpted from John Goff's Historic Resources Survey form for 12 Lexington St.)

198 Class on steps of South School 1894 1 photograph : b&w.

The South School was located at the intersection of Lexington St. and Blanchard Rd. Prior to the building of the single "united" or joined school near the center of town--the Union School--Burlington maintained scattered, one-room schools in five different areas of town (North, South, East, West, and Center), following a system that had been established in the 1790s. After the Union School was built in 1897, all the one-room schools became functionally obsolete. Some of the school houses (e.g., the West School and the Center School or Burlington Historical Museum) eventually found reuse as public buildings. Most of Burlington's other one-room schools--North, South, and East Schools--were purchased by private parties; the North School (10 Wilmington Rd.) survives as a private home.

Text at the bottom of the image (which was reprinted from a newspaper) notes that this image was the treasured possession of Sarah Bustard [Pattison Bustead]. Handwritten note that the image was the treasured possession of George Bennett, who wished to have the Burlington Historical Society preserve it.

First row, left to right: Sarah Bustard [Pattison Bustead], James Lynn, Fred [Frederick Garfield] Graham (1884-1914), Helen Keating (b. 1888), [Susan] Alice Lynn (b. 1884), [Lila May] "Lillie" Pattison (b. 1889), Christine Johnson, James [Robert] Pattison (b. 1886), Selwyn [Harrison] Graham (1889-1982), Robert Bustard [Alexander Bustead] (b. 1886), Thomas [F.] Keating (b. 1885), William Bustard [Alexander Bustead] (b. 1884), Edward Foley.

Back row, left to right: Esther Bustard [Bustead], Addie [May] Blodgett (1882-1931), Annie Bustard [Mabel Bustead] (b. 1881), Nellie Lynn, and Miss Putnam (teacher).

Note that the negative shows the school in 1965; this image is not part of the copy photograph. Printed note reads: this photo shows the school as it appears now. Still located on the Blanchard Rd. site in front of the Bellfram [Belofram] Corp. Our thanks is extended to Bob Ramsdell for guiding our photographer to the school site

199 Class on steps of unidentified schoolhouse ca. 1890 1 photograph : b&w.

Photograph by E. C. Litchfield (Arlington, Mass.) Fogelberg notes on verso that the building is believed to be the Mountain School [East School]. [Catalog record in progress.]

204 Corner of Winn Street and Cambridge Street looking northwest ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

[Catalog record in progress].

285 Exterior of Clyde Everett Equipment Company ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

Located at the Rt. 3 and Rt. 128 interchange, the Clyde Everett Equipment Company was the first commerical construction along Burlington's Rt. 128 belt after the completion of Rt. 128 (Fogelberg, p. 327).

286 Exterior of the Church of the Open Bible 1988 1 photograph : b&w.

The Church of the Open Bible was organized as the Scandinavian Evangelical Free Church in 1884; by 1900, the Woburn church was known as Swedish Free Church. In 1950, the name was changed to the Church of the Open Bible.

In 1958, Mrs. Agda J. Thistle, daughter of former church trustee, Hakan Johnson, gave the church 3.4 acres (located at the corner of Winn St. and Wyman St., Burlington, Mass.), and the church decided to build a new church building. The building was dedicated May 6, 1961.

Fogelberg notes that prior to the 1880s, there were very few Scandanavian immigrants in Woburn. Veternarian Carl Kylander moved to Woburn ca. 1860 and Charles Rosenquist moved to Woburn ca. 1870. When the leather tannery of Bryant and King was built in 1881, a dozen or more Scandanavian families migrated to Woburn.

June 2, 1884 the following individuals met to form the new church: Mr. And Mrs. Charles Rosenquist, Mrs. And Mrs. Sven Froberg, Mr. And Mrs. Claus Svenson, and Gustaf J. Olsen. Mr. Rosenquist was elected president and secretary-treasurer. The first business meeting was held July 19, 1884 and the first pastor, O. G. Tinglof of South Boston, was selected. The church held its first meetings at the First Congregational Church (Woburn, Mass.) and shortly after incorporation in June 1889, the congregation decided to built its own church building at Montvale and Greenwood Ave. The cornerstone was laid October 11, 1890 and was completed in 1894. For more information, see Fogelberg's Woburn Daily Times Chronicle article February 9, 1993 (Fogelberg, Woburn Daily Times Chronicle, Burlington edition, February 9, 1993)

287 Exterior of Trans-Sonics Inc. ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

Located on Wheeler Road, Trans-Sonics produced precision transducers for industry and defense; the transducers were used by aircraft, missiles, and industrial plants, converting physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, flow, and liquid level into electrical signals which are used for measurement and control. The company also did contract research and development work in electronics, communications, and instrument fields. As of 1972, it had a work force of 121 employees (Fogelberg, p. 334 and An Ideal Home Town: Your Personal Guide to Burlington, Mass., copyright 1958).

Photograph by Hutchins Photography (Belmont, Mass.)

288 Exterior of second high school ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

Built in 1961, this building is located at 114 Winn St.; the building now houses the Marshall Simonds Middle School. The school was built on land previously known as the Deacon Otis Cutler farm, Fred and Samuel Walker farm (also known as Oak View Farm), and the Kerrigan farm. The Kerrigans were the last owners to farm the land and the high school was built on 26 of the 35 acre Kerrigan farm, The building was rechristened with Marshall Simonds name in 1973. According to Fogelberg, the ca. 1970s photo does not show ten temporary classrooms, which connected the two wings and which now face Winn St. (Fogelberg, pp. 193, 259, 316W).

Photograph by G. M. Cushing Photography (Boston, Mass.)

289 Exterior of Microwave Associates ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

Microwave Associates manufactured microwave component parts, subassemblies, and all solid state microwave relay equipment for radar, electronics warfare and telecommunications, and performed related research and development. Microwave also established subsidiaries for the relay of video and other information as a microwave common carrier; the latter was supplied by its Burlington-based subsidiary, Video Microwave, Inc.

Microwave was initially involved in research and development, and received its first order for microwave tubes in 1951. The company produced magnetron tubes predominantly for use in the airborne missile and radar systems; magnetrons were efficient generators of microwave pulsed energy. After 1961, the company developed and produced the travelling wave tube, well-suited for the broadband amplification of high-level microwave energy for use in high-power electronic counter-measures systems. In 1964, Microwave expanded manufacturing operations to include microwave solid-state relay equipment. These microwave radio relay systems were used to transmit television and communication data in the broadcasting, common carrier, CATV, and educational television fields. In 1973 Microwave employeed 1800 people at its Burlington facility and abroad (excerpted from Fogelberg, pp. 332-333).

290 Artist's rendering of exterior of Meadowbrook School ca.late 1950s 1 photograph : b&w.

School Building Committee 2 consisted of Frank P. Sullivan; Louis R. Alberghini, Thomas R. Casey, Robert J. Given, Guido A. Luti, Thomas F. Mangan, and Marvel L. Murray. The land was purchased from the Sleeper family, and was part of the Grandview Farm; the building architect was Mario V. Caputo. The building committee was given the permission to expend federal funds in the amount of $68,460 and the school opened in September 1959. As of July 2000, the building is still standing at 3 McGinnis Drive. The Town of Burlington began leasing the school building to the Assemblies of God Christian Center in 1985; as of July 2000, the building is used as the Christian Center school (Fogelberg, p. 258).

291 Exterior of Itek Corporation ca. 1970s 1 photograph : b&w.

Itek leased a plant in Burlington; the building was located at Rt. 3 and Rt. 128 and was built in 1962. The building was part of Nordblom Corporation's Northwest Industrial Park, one of the largest office-industrial complex developments in Massachusetts in the 1970s. The Northwest Industrial Park was a joint effort of Nordblom Corporation, Real Estate of Boston, and George B. H. Macomber (Allston, Mass.) See Fogelberg, p. 340 for a list of companies located in Northwest Industrial Park in 1974.

Itek produced crystal filters, instrumentation, and other small electronic devices. Itek's Electro Products Company was the largest original structure in the Nordblom development (Fogelberg, pp. 334, 340).

292 Exterior of Itek Corporation ca. 1970s 1 photograph : b&w.

293 Exterior of Itek Corporation ca. 1970s 1 photograph : b&w.

Photograph by Korday Studio (Framingham, Mass.)

294 Exterior of first high school ca. 1950s 1 photograph : b&w.

Located at 61 Center St., this building was built in 1939; the architect was J. Williams Beal and Sons.

The building was built in response to the population growth during the 1930s. Due to the Great Depression, many families abandoned homes in Boston and the greater Boston area, in order to live more economically in the country. Lexington and Woburn stopped accepting Burlington students in the 1930s; as a result, the new high school was built with (Works Progress Administration) WPA funds in 1938-1939. The building is a medley of three architectural styles, International, Art Moderne, and Art Deco (John Goff's Historic Preservation survey form for 61 Center St.)

295 Interior of the Burlington Mall ca. 1970s 1 photograph : b&w.

Construction began in 1967, and the Burlington Mall opened in 1968. Herbert H. Johnson Associates were the architects and Symmes, Main, and McKee Inc. were the associate architects and engineers. Bellwether Properties (New York, New York) bought the property in 1979 for an excess of $50 million. The large addition that houses Lord & Taylor was built in 1978; the second story was completed in 1988, after an appeal to the Middlesex Superior Court overturned a denial by the Planning Board (artist's rendering of the Burlington Mall, ca. 1960s; Fogelberg, p. 328; Daily Times Chronicle article March 23, 1993).

297 Artist's rendering of the exterior of the Burlington Mall ca. 1960s 1 printed photograph.

298 Artist's rendering of the interior of the Burlington Mall and the Jordan Marsh Company ca. 1960s 1 printed photograph.

299 Architect's rendition of exterior of Pine Glen Elementary School ca. 1960s 1 printed photograph.

November1960, the town voted to build another elementary school. The building committee consisted of: John J. Barden, Thomas A. Dunbar, Jr., Robert Hurley, Forrest J. Lord, and Frank P. Sullivan. Pine Glen Elementary opened in 1962 off Wilmington Street, a half mile off Cambridge Street. As of July 2000, the buildings is still standing on Pine Glen Way (Fogelberg, pp. 258-259).

300 Exterior of Technical Operations, Inc. ca. 1960s 1 printed photograph.

Technical Operations Inc. was part of the Northwest Industrial Park. Northwest Industrial Park was built in the early 1960s; by the 1970s, it was one of the largest office-industrial complex developments in Massachusetts. The Northwest Industrial Park was a joint effort of Nordblom Corporation, Real Estate of Boston, and George B. H. Macomber (Allston, Mass.) (Fogelberg, p. 334).

The building later held the data processing facilities of Wang Laboratories, Inc. (headquarted in Lowell, Mass.), once a leader in computer research and development. Founded by Dr. An Wang in 1951, Wang Laboratories was enormously successful in the 1970s and 1980s. The Wang 2200 computer system was Wang's first major product; the VS line of computer systems came after the Wang 2200. The latter half of the 1980s brought declining health for Dr. Wang, a change in company leadership, major changes in the computer hardware and software industry, and a series of poor strategic decisions. The building was demolished ca. 1992 [Catalog record in progress].

302 Architect's rendering of the New England Executive Park ca. 1960s 1 printed photograph.

The New England Executive Park was built ca. 1968 and was the location of Merrill Lynch, the first securities firm to open a branch on Rt. 128. The Burlington Merrill Lynch offices opened in February 1970 (Fogelberg, p. 328).

303 Exterior of Raytheon Spencer Laboratory Equipment Division on Wayside Rd. ca. 1960s 1 printed photograph.

The Spencer Laboratory plant began its Burlington operations in 1959. The company was founded by Lawrence K. Marshall and Charles G. Smith in 1922; the laboratory was started with $25,000 in Cambridge, Mass. and was incorporated as the American Appliance Company. Initial work was in mechanical refrigeration and later, radio rectifier tubes; the latter succeeded in making home radio a practical plug-in appliance. The company's name changed to Raytheon, and the company moved to Waltham, Mass. in 1933. During World War II the company became involved in radar (Fogelberg, p. 333).

In 1925 Dr. Percy L. Spencer joined the original founders, Marshall and Smith. PLS started his career as a radio engineer and machinist's mate on a Navy ship. He worked on wireless at a Boston company and became an engineer at Amrad (Medford, Mass.), the location where Vannevar Bush experimented. Spencer went on to work for the Submarine Signal Company, which merged with Raytheon in 1946. The Burlington laboratory was named after Spencer, who worked on the methods of developing mass porduction of the magnetron power tube, a British development and the heart of radar. Eighty percent of all magnetrons received by the Navy during World War II were produced by Raytheon's Waltham plant (Fogelberg, p. 333).

Raytheon later became a leader in the field of missile guidance and became a contractor for Hawk, Army's Improved Hawk and SAM-D ground to air missile systems, and the Navy and Air Force's Sparrow III and the Navy's Sidewinder air to air systems. Raytheon was also a subcontractor for the Poseidon and Aegis programs, and Raytheon and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) developed a key element of the Apollo spacecraft navigation system. Raytheon had five plants in Burlington: Microwave and Power Tube Division; Spencer Laboratory; Sorenson Company Marine Products; Raytheon Service Company; and Boston Service Center (Fogelberg, pp. 333-334).

304 Exterior of Microwave Associates ca. 1970s 1 photograph : b&w.

Microwave was initially involved in research and development, and received its first order for microwave tubes in 1951. The compnay produced magnetron tubes predominantly for use in the airborne missile and radar systems; magnetrons were efficient generators of microwave pulsed energy. After 1961, the company developed and produced the travelling wave tube, well-suited for the broadband amplification of high-level microwave energy for use in high-power electronic counter-measures systems. In 1964, Microwave expanded manufacturing operations to include microwave solid-state relay equipment. These microwave radio relay systems were used to transmit television and communication data in the broadcasting, common carrier, CATV, and educational television fields. In 1973 Microwave employeed 1800 people at its Burlington facility and abroad (excerpted from Fogelberg, pp. 332-333).

Photograph by O'Mahony.

305 Exterior of Itek Corporation ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

Photograph by Korday Studio (Framingham, Mass.)

306 Exterior of Control Data Corporation ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

Control Data was one of the businesses located in the Northwest Industrial Park. Northwest Industrial Park was built in the early 1960s; by the 1970s, it was one of the largest office-industrial complex developments in Massachusetts. The Northwest Industrial Park was a joint effort of Nordblom Corporation, Real Estate of Boston, and George B. H. Macomber (Allston, Mass.) (Fogelberg, pp. 334, 340).

307 Exterior of the Philco Corporation ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

Philco Corporation was one of the businesses located in the Northwest Industrial Park. Northwest Industrial Park was built in the early 1960s; by the 1970s, it was one of the largest office-industrial complex developments in Massachusetts. The Northwest Industrial Park was a joint effort of Nordblom Corporation, Real Estate of Boston, and George B. H. Macomber (Allston, Mass.) (Fogelberg, pp. 334, 340).

Photograph by Korday Studio (Framingham, Mass.)

308 Exterior of Microwave Associates ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

Photograph by O'Mahony.

309 Exterior of Spray Engineering ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

[Catalog record in progress].

310 Exterior of Itek Corporation ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

Photograph by Northeast Aerial Photos (Brookline, Mass.)

311 Exterior of P. R. Mallory and Company Inc. and Electronic Films Inc. ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

P. R. Mallory was one of the businesses located in the Northwest Industrial Park. Northwest Industrial Park was built in the early 1960s; by the 1970s, it was one of the largest office-industrial complex developments in Massachusetts. The Northwest Industrial Park was a joint effort of Nordblom Corporation, Real Estate of Boston, and George B. H. Macomber (Allston, Mass.) (Fogelberg, pp. 334, 340).

Photograph by Korday Studio (Framingham, Mass.)

312 Exterior of Clevite Electronics Brush Instruments ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

Clevite was one of the businesses located in the Northwest Industrial Park. Northwest Industrial Park was built in the early 1960s; by the 1970s, it was one of the largest office-industrial complex developments in Massachusetts. The Northwest Industrial Park was a joint effort of Nordblom Corporation, Real Estate of Boston, and George B. H. Macomber (Allston, Mass.) (Fogelberg, pp. 334, 340).

Photograph by Korday Studio (Framingham, Mass.)

313 Exterior of Technical Operations Inc. ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

Photograph by Korday Studios (Framingham, Mass.) [Catalog record in progress].

314 Exterior of the building that held Federated Accouting Services Inc., Farm Bureau Accounting Service, AeroJet-General Corp., Space-General Corp., Marquardt Corp., and Lockheed Aircraft Corp. ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

[Catalog record in progress].

316 Exterior of the Union School ca. 1970s 1 photograph : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 8. Photograph by Karwan Photos (Melrose, Mass.)

317 Exterior of the Church of Christ Congregational UCC ca. 1970s 1 photograph : b&w.

For more information, see the photograph description for Buildings: item 197.

318 Proposed design for the first high school 1938 1 photograph : b&w.

Located at 61 Center St., Burlington's first high building was built in 1939; the architect was J. Williams Beal and Sons. This copy photograph shows a proposed--but unbuilt--design. The current building is a medley of three architectural styles, International, Art Moderne, and Art Deco.

The building was built in response to the population growth during the 1930s. Due to the Great Depression, many families abandoned homes in Boston and the greater Boston area, in order to live more economically in the country. Lexington and Woburn stopped accepting Burlington students in the 1930s; as a result, the new high school was built with (Works Progress Administration) WPA funds in 1938-1939 (John Goff's Historic Preservation survey form for 61 Center St.)

319 Exterior closeup of the Middlesex Bank ca. 1970s 1 photograph : b&w.

320 Exterior of the Mill Pond Water Treatment Plant 1973 1 photograph : color.

Photograph by Les Vant's Photo Service (Reading, Mass.) for Whitman and Howard Engineers and Architects (Boston, Mass.) [Catalog record in progress].

321 Exterior of Pine Glen Elementary Schoo ca. 1970s 1 photograph : b&w.

November 1960, the town voted to build another elementary school. The building committee consisted of: John J. Barden, Thomas A. Dunbar, Jr., Robert Hurley, Forrest J. Lord, and Frank P. Sullivan. Pine Glen Elementary opened in 1962 off Wilmington Street, a half mile off Cambridge Street. As of July 2000, the buildings is still standing on Pine Glen Way (Fogelberg, pp. 258-259).

Photograph by Arber-French and Comp. Photographers (Newton, Mass.)

322 Exterior of Mitre Corporation ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

[Catalog record in progress].

323 Exterior of P. R. Mallory Company ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

324 Exterior of Advanced Metals Research Corp. ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

Advanced Metals Research Corp. was one of the businesses located in the Northwest Industrial Park. Northwest Industrial Park was built in the early 1960s; by the 1970s, it was one of the largest office-industrial complex developments in Massachusetts. The Northwest Industrial Park was a joint effort of Nordblom Corporation, Real Estate of Boston, and George B. H. Macomber (Allston, Mass.) (Fogelberg, pp. 334, 340).

325 Exterior of David W. Mann Co. ca. 1970s 1 photograph : b&w.

David W. Mann Co. was a division of G.C.A. Corporation [Catalog record in progress].

326 Northwest Industrial Park ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

Northwest Industrial Park was built in the early 1960s; by the 1970s, it was one of the largest office-industrial complex developments in Massachusetts. The Northwest Industrial Park was a joint effort of Nordblom Corporation, Real Estate of Boston, and George B. H. Macomber (Allston, Mass.) By 1974 the following companies were located in the Northwest Industrial Park: Technical Operations, Inc.; Microwave Associates, Inc.; Sylvania Electric Products, Inc.; George T. Johnson Co.; Advanced Metals Research; Raytheon Company; Continental Can Co.; Saum Systems, Inc.; Hybrid Systems Corp.; Astro Dynamics, Inc.; Associated Testing Laboratories; Gould, Inc.; Pacer Systems, Inc.; Lexington Computer, Inc.; Hooper-Holmes Bureau, Inc.; Itek Corp.; TRW, Inc.; Federated Business Services, Inc.; Bridgeport Brass Company; Standard Office Systems; Centronics Leasing Corp.; P. R. Mallory & Comp., Inc.; Applicon, Inc.; W. H. W. Teele Company; Thomson General Corp.; Micronetic Systems, Inc.; G. C. A. Corp.; Kaman Corp.; Entrex, Inc.; Visidyne Inc.; Infoton, Inc.; Lumberman's Mutual Casualty Co.; Collins Radio Company; N.E. Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools, Inc.; Semicon, Inc.; Control Data Corp.; Inforex, Inc.; W. R. Grace Company; Dynatrend Corp.; McGraw-Edison Company; New England Telephone; American District Telegraph Co.; Adar Associates, Inc.; and Alto-Tronics Corp. Many of these businesses were already located in Burlington in the 1950s (Fogelberg, pp. 334, 340).

327 Northwest Industrial Park ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

328 Exterior of Yewell Association at night ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

Photograph by Ken Hird Photos. [Catalog record in progress].

329 Exterior of Tech Weld ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

Photograph by Fay Photo Service Inc. (Boston, Mass.) [Catalog record in progress].

359 Cora McIntire and her students in front of the East School (attrib.) ca. 1900 1 photograph : b&w.

Top row, left to right: Mary Brady, [Emily] Elva Marion, Miss Cora McIntire (1869-1935), Ida Stone. Second row, left to right: Frank Winn, Willie Winn. Third row, left to right: Alice Winn, Patsy Brady, Mary Young, John Graham, Lizzie Graham, Henry Graham, Cassie Young. Cora McIntire taught 1891-1893 and 1895-1899.

Due to the children in the photograph--and the proximity of the families to the school--we believe this is the East School. This building was also known as Lt. Joseph Winn's 1790s schoolhouse and was one of five district school houses prior to the construction of the Union School in 1898. The East School stood at 45 Mountain Rd. and was demolished February 2000. Currently the North School at 10 Wilmington Rd. is the only surviving example of a district schoolhouse converted to a residence.

The Winn children are probably: Frank Graves Winn (b. 1890), William Winn (b. 1885), and Alice Maria Winn (b. 1886), the children of William Henry Winn (1840-1898) and Elizabeth Jane Pollock Winn (b. 1849).

The Graham children are probably Henry W. Graham (b. ca. 1888) and Lizzie G. Graham (b. 1890), the child of John H. Graham (b. ca. 1855-1939) and Sarah Jane Dobbins Graham (b. ca. 1866-1951).

Emily Elva Marion Lovering (b. 1883) was the daughter of Charles Edward Marion (1846-1905) and Catherine Downs Marion (1845-1901). EEM married Myron Barnard Lovering in 1905.

Mary Brady (b. 1887) was probably the daughter of Richard F. Brady (b. 1854) and Mary E. Brady (b. 1861), renters who lived next door to James Looby (b. 1835) and Johanna Looby (b. 1845) from Ireland; the Looby family lived at 35 Mountain Rd. (see John Goff's Historic Resources survey form for 35 Mountain Rd. for more details).

Ida E. Stone (b. 1885) was probably the daughter Joseph M. Howe (b. 1847) and Fannie A. Walker (b. 1864). Mary J. Young (b. 1886) was probably the daughter of Ellon L. Young (b. 1861) and Maggie J. Young (b. 1864) (genealogy resource files and 1900 federal census records).

375 T. I. Reed Ham Works driver and cart ca. 1900 1 photograph : b&w.

This series was created for the first Burlington Cattle Show on September 29, 1889; the Oct. 10, 1889 Woburn City Press notes T. I. Reeds' ham curing establishment had a fine exhibit, including seven teams in line, showing livestock, process, finished product, and a "pretty design 'Our Successors' in which Mr. Reed's children figured." Note that the series includes a number of the same individuals; item 376 shows the carts lined up, as if for a procession; and item 381 shows children under a sign "Our Successors." Based on dates of birth dates and the similarity of the two children, the children must have been twin Guy Ellsworth Reed (b. 1888) and Ernest Young Reed (1888-1918).

Born July 14, 1846 in Burlington, Mass., TIR was the youngest of Isaiah Reed and Mary Blake (Wales) Reed's two children. TIR married Margaret Ellen Dadmun (1846-1916) of Groton, Mass. on May 17, 1870 in Burlington, Mass. They had four children: Grace Wales Reed (1871-1877); Carrie Florence Reed (b. 1876); and twins, Guy Elsworth (b. 1888) and Ernest Young Reed (1888-1918). Both sons helped with the business, and GR assumed management when TIR died July 20, 1933 in Burlington, Mass. (genealogy file on the Reed family accessed May 2000).

TIR's father, Isaiah Reed (1816-1874), built the home at 336 Cambridge St. ca. 1820, and started a famous ham-curing business on the property about 1846. IR is credited with being the first farmer to ship Baldwin apples to European markets.

TIR worked on his father's farm as a child, and learned the business of smoking hams. Like his father, TIR attended local schools and went to the Warren Academy in Woburn, Mass. By 1872, TIR left the family business and went to work in Boston as a grocer; he returned later in the year to manage the family business, due to his father's poor health. After his father died in 1874, he leased the farm from his mother in 1874 and set about enlarging the business.

During the late 19th century and early 20th century, Burlington was the home of a large number of piggeries, which helped increase the size of TIR's business. The processing plant was originally large enough for 100 hams developed into a floor area of 10,000 square feet, which included three large smoke houses and a vault for 400,000 pounds of meat. As a result, TIR developed a large retail business in Winchester, Medford, and Boston. T. I. Ham Works acquired a five-year contract with the American Board of Commissioners of Foreign Missions' (ABCFM) Robert College in Istanbul, Turkey; this contract was awarded after the Congregational Church's seventh minister, Rev. Anderson, resigned in 1888 to work with the ABCFM at Roberts College. The hams were imported to Chicago by rail by the 1910s and by 1914, the ham works employed 15-17 men. The business declined due to changing markets during the Great Depression; the business ceased operation in 1953 and most of the barns burned in the 1980s. For more information on the Reed Hamwork operation, see Fogelberg, pp. 322-323 and Sanborn maps.

TIR was very active in the community and served in the following town offices:

Library Trustees (1880)

School Committee (1882-1883, 1885)

Overseers of the Poor (1886)

Board of Health (1902, the first Board of Health)

TIR helped raise funds to remodel the Congregational Church in 1888; he also served as a deacon and well as fifty-one year stint as the first Sunday School Superintendent. TIR was the second president of the Burlington Agricultural Society and helped make the agricultural show a success. TIR also served as president as the of the Boston and Lowell Street Railway Company (John Goff's Historic Resources Survey form for 336 Cambridge St. and Fogelberg, pp. 295, 322-323)

376 Exterior of Thomas I. Reed residence and Reed Ham Works ca. 1900 1 photograph : b&w and 1 printed photograph.

377 T. I. Ham Work employees on cart with barrels ca. 1900 1 photograph : b&w.

The barn is still standing at 328 Cambridge St. and the Thomas I. Reed house is still standing at 326 Cambridge St.; see Buildings: item 375 and John Goff's Historic Resources survey form for 326 and 328 Cambridge St. for more details.

378 T. I. Reed Ham Work employees with pigs on cart ca. 1900 1 photograph : b&w.

379 T. I. Reed Ham Work employees with covered cart ca. 1900 1 photograph : b&w.

380 T. I. Reed Ham Work employee with covered cart ca. 1900 1 photograph : b&w.

381 T. I. Reed Ham Work employees with cart, hams, barrels and children ca. 1900 1 photograph : b&w.

382 Portrait of Thomas I. Reed ca. late 19th century 1 photograph : b&w.

Photograph by F. W. Legg (Woburn, Mass.)

383 Possibly Reed family members or visitors on cart ca. 1900 1 photograph : b&w.

384 Exterior of the Union School building ca. 1940s 1 postcard : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 8.

385 Exterior ot the Church of Christ from the northeast or sideview ca. 1940s 1 postcard : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 197.

387 Exterior of the Center School ca. 1940s 1 postcard : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 5.

388 Exterior of first high school ca. 1940s 1 postcard : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 24.

389 Exterior of Saint Margaret's Church ca. 1940s 1 postcard : b&w.

October 1937 the Archdiocese of Boston declared Burlington a mission of the newly established St. Mary's Parish of Pinehurst (Billerica, Mass.); prior to this, Burlington Catholics traveled to Woburn for mass. The journey to Pinehurst was just as far--or further--than Woburn for many of the parishioners, and many individuals opted to continue attending the Woburn church.

October 17, 1937 Father Johnson (the first priest of St. Mary's Parish of Pinehurst) held a meeting in Burlington's town hall for Burlington Catholics. The group decided to find a centralized place in Burlington where Father Johnson could come and hold mass and to form the St. Mary's Building Committee of Burlington. Members included: Chairman Alphonse Ruel (resident of 61 Bedford St.); George Gormley, Aldred Cuerette, Raymond LeFebvre, Thomas Mohan, Elmer Morrision, William MacDonald, Henry Perry, Timothy Santry, Edward Souza, Maurice Sweeney, Charles White, Maurice O'Connor, and David Ward. The committee made two decisions: to start meeting at Louis R. Colomb and Louise Colomb's (ca. 1876-1954) barn on Lowell St just off Winn St.. (now Beacon St. and known as Swamp Rd. during Colonial times) and to acquire a piece of property at the corner of Winn St. and Center St. for $500 for a church building. The property transfer was completed November 1938.

The barn had once been a speakeasy or nightclub known as the Winnmere Inn; the barn was completely renovated and held its first service October 31, 1937. The building was not insulated, however, and the congregation and pipe organ felt the effects. Due to the cold weather, only one mass was held during the winter.

December 11, 1938 mass was moved to the Souza farm on Peach Orchard Rd. The Souza barn had been the site of country dances, and had a wooden floor. The organ and the choir was moved to the hay loft. The congregation continued meeting at this location until November 1939.

August 1939 the ground was broken for Burlington's first Catholic church. The church opened for services May 12, 1940, still a mission of St. Mary's in Pinehurst. November 1945 the Archbishop of Boston declared it to be a separate parish.

Father Johnson passed away shortly after the church building was completed; he died of a heart attack in September 1942. November 1942 Father James A. Donoghue began serving as the second pastor; Father Donoghue was the man who obtained the name St. Margaret's.

Father Francis G. Shields was the first pastor of St. Margaret's (from 1945-1946) and under his guidance, the church grew and prospered. During his tenure, the church negotiated the purchase of the Walker farm on Winn St. across from Peach Orchard Rd. The house became the parsonage and the long, low building to the rear was turning into a parish hall for social affairs. St. Margaret's finally had a meeting house, rectory and social hall. Father Shields was transferred to St. Zepherius Parish (Cochituate, Mass.) in 1946 and Rev. Father Dennis Fitzpatrick succeeded him, assuming his duties January 7, 1947.

Cardinal Cushing gave the parish permission to build a new church in October 1955; the architect was Edward T. P. Graham. Ground was broken in 1956 and the church was dedicated February 1958; the lower church was not completed until 1961. The last mass was held in the old church on Christmas Day 1957.

Father Fitzpatrick served until 1967; he was succeeded by Father John B. Kineen. For more information on St. Margaret's and St. Malachy's (organized in 1964), see John E. Fogelberg, Burlington: Part of a Greater Chronicle (Burlington, Mass.: Burlington Historical Commission, 1976, 1998), pp. 300-301 (Fogelberg, pp. 298-299).

For more information on the Walker farm house and family, see the photograph description for Historic homes and farms: item 169.

391 Exterior of the second town hall ca. 1940s 1 postcard : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 17.

396 Students and teacher in front of the West School ca. 1894 1 photograph : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings and businesses: item 2.

399 Burlington business signs and storefronts ca. 1960s 1 photograph collage: b&w.

Collage includes images of: Filenes Department store, Richard J. Kelly Company, the Bridge Studio, Salon 62, Joe Pessin, Town House Restaurant, Given's Flowers, Microwave Associates, Brooks Health and Beauty Needs, Convenient Food Mart, Burlington Mall from Rt. 128, Colonial Park Village, Tulsa Gasoline Station, First Federal Savings, Finast, Mammoth Mart, and F. W. Webb.

430 Interior of the Richardson Tavern 1923 1 photograph : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Historic houses and farms: item 3. Photograph by Burr A. Church (Newton Centre, Mass.)

432 Printed drawing of the exterior of the Church of Christ meeting house 1872 1 photograph : b&w.

Drawing by roving Wilmington artist, James Franklin Gilman in 1872; this is how the building looked from 1846-1888. For more information on Gilman, see Martha Elizabeth Sewall Curtis' Ye Old Meeting House, pp. 29-30. For more information, see the photograph description for Buildings: item 197.

436 Exterior of Loren H. Blenkhorn's Trading Post ca. 1935 1 photograph : b&w.

LHB (ca. 1892-1949) opened a store on Cambridge Street in 1932; the store was located in the barn that belonged to house of Charles Henry Foster (1852-1933) and Henrietta "Nettie" Richardson Foster (1859-1951). The store--which was called the trading post--operated from 1932-1942; it closed when LHB went to work as a carpenter at Camp Edwards in World War II. LHB's wife, Viola L. Harmon Blenkhorn, operated the store for a short time afterward, settling accounts. LHB was born ca. 1892 in Somerville, Mass. and was employed as a carpenter prior to opening the store. LHB married Viola L. Harmon (b. ca. 1893 in Medford, Mass.), a salesgirl. They married in 1914 in Burlington, Mass. Per Fogelberg, a business called the Value House later stood on the site.

LHB served on the Finance Committee from 1938-1939 (Fogelberg, p. 324 and Burlington vital records accessed August, 2000).

437 Exterior of the Union School building ca. 1900 1 photograph : b&w.

Photograph shows the building as it looked from 1897-1923 (per Fogelberg notes on back of photograph). For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 8.

440 Exterior of Raytheon Spencer Laboratory ca. 1960s 1 photograph : b&w.

For more information, see Buildings: item 303.

441 Class inside the Union School ca. early 20th century 1 photograph : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 8.

442 Class on the steps of the Union School 1916 1 photograph : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 8.

452 Nike Ajax display at radar installation 1958 1 photograph : b&w.

Left to right: Roger, Gary, and Alan Nelson. Photograph taken by George Nelson.

477 Exterior of the Burlington Public Library ca. early 1970s 1 photograph : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 153.

482 Exterior of the Center School the day after the fire 1970 1 photograph : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 5.

483 Exterior of Saint Margaret's Church and rectory 1988 1 photograph : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 389 and Historic homes and farms: item 169.

485 Exterior of the Center School during the fire 1970 1 photograph : b&w.

An explosive was thrown into the building on August 25, 1970. For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 5.

488 Burlington Historical Society's recreation of the Cutler store interior 1982 1 photograph : b&w.

Note on verso: the Burlington Historical Society tried to reconstruct what the Cutler store must have looked like in an exhibition at the Burlington Historical Museum in 1982. It really does not look anything like the store Dodge operated.

For more information, see the photograph description for Buildings: item 7.

489 Exterior of the North School 1890 1 newspaper clipping.

Prior to the building of the single "united" or joined school near the center of town--the Union School--Burlington maintained scattered, one-room schools in five different areas of town (North, South, East, West, and Center), following a system that had been established in the 1790s.

Built in 1794, the North School was originally on Reed property and was Lt. Jesse Dean's (b. 1754) district schoolhouse; Lt. Dean served in Captain John Wood's (1740-1809) company of minutemen from 1775-1783. The schoolhouse faced Chestnut Street, then the main road to Billerica. An argument arose between Mr. Reed and the new town of Burlington regarding whose land the building was built on. Reed solved the problem by moving the building from his property and onto the Wilmington Road property, where it stands today. It was sold before the turn of the century and became part of Louis Beard's house, according for Fogelberg.

After the Union School was built in 1897, all the one-room schools became functionally obsolete. Some of the school houses (e.g., the West School and the Center School or Burlington Historical Museum) eventually found reuse as public buildings. Most of Burlington's other one-room schools--North, South, and East Schools--were purchased by private parties; the North School (10 Wilmington Rd. at Chestnut Ave.) survives as a private home.

490 Exterior of the Cutler house and store 1965 1 photograph : b&w.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 7. Note on verso reads: A winter scene. The Dodge house used as a town office space. The empty old Cutler store. The peak of the barn can be seen over the store roof.

493 Exterior of Radio Corporation of America (RCA) ca. 1960s 1 photograph : color.

RCA was incorporated in 1919; it was originally formed in order to acquire the assets of the American Marconi Company after World War I. The intent of the post-WWI company was to continue work and research in communications, with products ranging from radio-marine research to Victor Records. By 1938, the company transitioned from radio communications to diversified electronic products, including radar, television, and military electronics.

RCA pioneered regular television service with its subsidiary, National Broadcasting Company (NBC). World War II put RCA at the forefront of military electronics.

The first New England-based RCA facility was the Airborne Systems Laboratory in Waltham, Massachusetts in 1955. The laboratory initially studied interceptor systems, or the development of electronic and control systems for long-range interceptors. Fogelberg notes that a unnamed 1955 RCA brochure recorded "the Airborne Systems Laboratory was organized to provide concentrated system analysis and development capability for the Airborne Systems Department of Defense Electronic product. Initially, the laboratory studied interceptor systems. In 1956 and 1957 the laboratory was engaged in advanced system design and development of the electronic and control systems of the long-range interceptor. With the completion of the interceptor work, the laboratory was launched on a program of advanced aircraft, missile, and rocket systems design."

June 1958 the Airborne Systems Laboratory moved to Burlington, having outgrown the Waltham facility. The RCA plant was built on 67 acres once belonging to Mildred Burns Baxter and an adjoining 75 acres belonging to once was the Connors brothers' pig farm; the facility was assessed under the name Warrenton Corporation. The facility included a modern machine and fabrication shop, gyro engineering laboratory, large-scale analog and digital computers, and a flight simulation laboratory. The facility was expanded in 1960 and again in 1962.

As of the mid-1970s, the facility was known as the Burlington Operations of the Government Communications and Automated Systems Division; the facility was one of 18 principal RCA manufacturing plants. One of the most noted contributions of the plant was to space exploration, particularly the development of rendezvous and landing radar systems for the Apollo program; Apollo 13 utilized RCA Rendezvous Radar to rescue astronauts in an emergency situation. In addition, the Burlington RCA facilities provided for the fabrication, assembly, and testing of inertial guidance systems, electro-optical devices, digital and analog computers, lasers, automatic checkout systems, and aerospace systems.

The facility's importance to the Massachusetts economy was recognized when Governor Michael Dukakis declared October 21, 1983 as Massachusetts RCA Automated Systems Day. In 1983, General Electric acquired the property and April 1993 GE sold the aerospace business, including the Burlington plant and three other divisions to Martin Marietta Corporation, a major defense supplier. March 1995 Martin Marietta merged with Lockheed Corporation to form Lockheed Martin Corporation and the Burlington plant was abandoned ca. 1994. A demolition permit was issued July 1997 to demolish the existing buildings. As of 2000, Lockheed Martin researches, designs, developments, manufactures and integrates advanced technology systems, products, and services for government and commercial customers. Core business areas are systems integration, aeronautics, space, technology services and global telecommunications, integrating aerospace, defense and technology services. The company no longer has production or research facilities in New England.

RCA was built on the property of John Kent (1798-1870), a wealthy brewer from Charlestown, Massachusetts; Dunham reports that Burlington residents ca. 1940s reported that the ca. 1850 stone cottage was built for Kent's second wife. The story goes that Mrs. Kent left shortly after their marriage and that Mr. Kent and his daughter, Helene Kent (ca. 1824-1897), lived a solitary life at the house.

Burlington death records show that John Kent (1798-1870) was born in Haughley, Suffolk County, England, the son of John Kent and Sarah Halls Kent; both parents were born in Haughley, England. HK was born in Montreal, Canada, the child of John Kent and Mary Kent; her mother was also Canadian. According to her obituary, HK was educated at a Montreal seminary and came to the United States with her father when she was quite young.

Built on a 113 acre country estate, the stone house was built ca. 1850 in the English Country Style and was reportedly influenced by Andrew Jackson Downing (1815-1852), a popular architect of English Country Style country homes during the mid-19th century. The house was reportedly built by Irish stone masons.

Although it is not known how the Kents decided on Burlington, Goff suggests Burlington's well-watered soils and the fact that Burlington was a major hop production center from the 17th through 19th centuries had something to do with it.

JK died 27 years before his daughter; death records show that he died of gastritis in 1870 in Burlington. According to obituaries in the Woburn News and the Woburn Journal, HK continued to live alone at the house after her father's death; the obituary notes that she resided at the Kent house for about forty years. She died at age 73 of "nephritis of years standing and malaria two weeks" (1897 death record). The obituaries noted that her death was not "wholly unexpected" and that "of late she has been failing in health quite rapidly." She was also noted to be a "devout Catholic and exemplary Christian" and that she was "a cultivated woman having received a liberal education…and of much more than ordinary polish of thought and manners" (Woburn Journal, July 20, 1897).

KH left an estate valued at about $30,000 and left several bequests including: $3000 to the Archbishop of Boston for the benefit of the St. Charles Roman Catholic Church in Woburn, Mass.; $1000 to the Grey Nuns of Salem; $500 to the Little Sisters of the Poor in Boston; $500 to the Sisters of the Good Shepherd in Boston; $2000 to Mrs. Ann Walter of Bedford for the education, maintenance, and benefit of her four youngest children; $2000 to Alfred Gladwell of Boston; $15,000 to be divided between Rosa Kent, Catherine Kent, and Pauline Kent, children of her late deceased brother, Oscar; $500 to Annie J. Fitzpatrick of Boston; $500 to Emily Reed of Burlington; and $1000 to Dr. George P. Bartlett of Woburn. The property was divided: one-eighth to Ann Walter; one-eighth to Annie J. Fitzpatrick; one-eighth to Emily Reed; one-eighth to Dr. Bartlett; two-eighths to Rosa Kent; one-eighth to Catherine Kent; and one-eighth to Pauline Kent. It is highly probably that ER was Emily Nichols Reed (1855-1922) that lived down the road at the old Capt. James Reed house (1745-1832). Emily was the second daughter of Edward Reed (1823-1904) and Sarah Emily Smith Reed (1829-1896); ER was the last Reed to live in the house. Both JK and HK were buried in Holyhood Cemetery, Brookline, Massachusetts.

In 1899, the property passed to James and Mary Woods, who owned the property until ca. 1919. November 1921, the property passed to Walter D. Sullivan; he kept it for one month and the property passed to John E. Sweeney. The property passed to Theodore D. and Phoebe S. Bunce of Melrose, Massachusetts in 1925. Mildred Bunce Burns Baxter and her husband, Stanley M. Baxter bought the property in 1936, adding tennis courts and the Colonial Revival gambrel roof wing that extends the house on one side. The Baxters sold the house in 1957; Burlington real estate had acquired new value in the 1950s, due to the construction of Rt. 128. Sun Microsystems acquired the property in 1998 after it was abandoned since at least May 1981; Sun has made the property headquarters of its east coast campus. As of 2000, the building is still standing on Network Drive (formerly Kent Lane) (Fogelberg, pp. 329-330, Fogelberg, Daily Times Chronicle "Hiatus" October 26, 1993, Dunham, p. 110, John Goff's historic resources survey form for Network Drive, Burlington vital records, Woburn Journal July 30, 1897, and Woburn News, July 31, 1897).

500 Exterior of Church of Christ Congregational UCC ca. early 20th century 1 photograph : b&w.

For more information, see the photograph description for Buildings: item 197.

512 Exterior of Union School ca. late 1910s 1 photograph : b&w (oversized).

The photograph shows Center Street curving up to the Union School; Center Street is unpaved. The photograph was taken between 1910-1911 (when Burlington received electricity) and 1923 (when the union school was renovated; the renovation increase the size of the building). The electric poles were added ca. 1910-1911, which is when Burlington received electricity. The December 10, 1910 Woburn News reports that a special town meeting voted to sign a ten-year contract with Edison Electric Illuminating Company for lighting streets and town offices. The article reports that the lines will be extended for "commercial and power business so that Burlington people can now have modern illuninating. They have never had anything but old fashioned lights." Burlington was the 25th municipality to acquire Edison service.

For more information, see photograph description for Buildings: item 8.

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